Live video streaming has historically faced a trade-off between latency (delay between capture and display) and scalability (ability to serve millions of concurrent viewers efficiently).Traditional HTTP-based protocols like Standard HLS and MPEG-DASH intro...
We started with a straightforward-sounding problem: take live video streams delivered over HLS and DASH,and extract meaningful context in near real time.Map each moment to a standard content taxonomy so that ad decisioning has something useful to work with...
The #EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY tag in an HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) playlist is used to indicate a discontinuity between segments,such as when there is a change in encoding parameters,timestamps,or even when switching between different media streams. Example HLS ...
I had a case to disable audio tracks when the app played back the HLS video stream.The initial approach I tried was to mute the sound,but the problem was that the user could turn it on any time.The best method to disable audio tracks in HLS.js,rather than ...
Media Segment Independence in HLSThe #EXT-X-INDEPENDENT-SEGMENTS tag in HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) plays a critical role in ensuring smooth and reliable video playback,particularly in managing audio-visual synchronization,especially during adaptive bitrate ...
EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY in HLSEXT-X-DISCONTINUITY is a tag in an HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) playlist (M3U8 manifest) that signals a discontinuity between the media segment immediately preceding it and the media segment immediately following it.This tag indicate...
Video key frames (I-frames) are complete,independently encoded images that serve as crucial random access points,anchoring a Group of Pictures (GOP) which includes dependent P and B frames that build upon them for compression.Proper management of these I-f...
HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) was developed by Apple Inc.and was first introduced in 2009 with the release of iOS 3.0 and QuickTime X.HLS was created as a solution to deliver video and audio content over HTTP,enabling adaptive streaming based on network condit...
A six-layer production architecture designed to ingest raw video streams and files,extract multimodal semantic insights,enforce brand safety and regulatory compliance,and output structured,ad-targetable metadata in sub-hundred-millisecond response windows....
Brand safety—preventing ads from appearing next to inappropriate,offensive,or illegal content—is a critical advertiser concern.A family-oriented brand (Disney,Nestle,American Express) will not tolerate ads appearing on pages containing violence,hate spee...
Ad detection from a video stream involves identifying and segmenting promotional content within a larger video sequence.This process is crucial for various applications,including content monitoring,ad verification,automated content moderation,enhancing use...
In a relational database,a "Table" stores structured data rows and columns.In a vector database,its equivalent is a "Collection," which stores vector embeddings along with optional metadata.Vector databases often leverage multiple collections to perform co...
FFmpeg uses a flexible structure for video files,not a rigid format.It handles various containers like AVI,MP4,MKV,and others.The container holds streams of data for video,audio,subtitles,and more.Each stream has its own codec,specifying how the data is co...
Internet advertising services need to serve targeted advertising and must do so under limited time.These are just two of multiple technical challenges they face. Below diagram shows the two main parts of such a system: ad serving infrastructure and click-t...